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1530. The first law expelling Gypsies
from England is introduced. Henry VIII
forbids the transportation of Gypsies into England. The fine is forty
pounds
for ship's owner or captain. The Gypsy passengers are punished by
hanging.
1531. The Augsburg Reichstag forbids
the issuing of passports to Roma.
1536. The first anti-Gypsy laws are
passed in Denmark.
1538. Deportation of Roma in Portugal
to colonies begins.
1539. Roma are prohibited by Frances
I from residence in France. The
punishment is banishment. A second offence results in corporal
punishment.
1540. Gypsies are allowed to live
under their own laws in Scotland.
1541. Roma are blamed for outbreak of
fires in Prague. This sets the stage
for future anti-Gypsy legislation.
The first anti-Gypsy laws
are passed in Scotland.
1547. Edward VI of England institutes
law requiring that Gypsies be seized
and "branded with a 'V' on their breast, and then enslaved for two
years." If escapees are caught they will be branded with an "S"
and made slaves for life.
Andrew Boorde authors an
encyclopedia in England entitled The Fyrst Boke of the Introduction
of
Knowledge. It has a chapter on Romani, which includes some of the
earliest
specimens of the language.
1549. The first anti-Gypsy laws are
passed in Bohemia.
1554. In the reign of Philip and
Mary, an Act is passed which decrees that
that the death penalty shall be imposed for being a Gypsy, or anyone
who
"shall become of the fellowship or company of Egyptians."
1557. The first anti-Gypsy laws are
passed in Lithuania.
In the reign of Sigismund
Augustus,
the first law ordering Roma to be expelled is passed by the Warsaw Seym
(parliament).
1559. Roma are recorded on the
Finnish island of Åland.
1560. The Archbishop of the Swedish
Lutheran Church forbids priests to have
any dealings with Roma. Their children are not to be christened and
their dead
not to be buried.
1560 and others. Spanish legislation forbids
Gitanos of travelling in groups of more
than two. Gitano "dress and clothing" is banned. Punishment
for wearing Gitano clothing and travelling in groups of more than two
is up to
eighteen years in the galleys for those over fourteen years of age.
This
legislation is later altered to change the punishment to death for all
nomads,
and the galleys reserved for settled Gitanos.
1561. Roma are prohibited by Charles
IX of France from residence. The
punishment is banishment. A second offence results in the galleys and
corporal
punishment. Men, women and children have their heads shaved.
1562. An Act is passed in
England "for further punishment of Vagabonds,
calling themselves Egyptians." Any Gypsy born in
England and Wales
is not compelled to leave the country if they quit their idle and
ungodly life
and company. All others should suffer death and loss of lands and goods.
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